Billiard ball and wave models
 Atoms moving freely between two walls
(shown as the heavy black lines). The left picture depicts atoms as
little billiard balls; the right as standing waves. Photo courtesy of William
Bol and Wikipedia.
Changing state in the billiard-ball model of atoms, means the atom changes
velocity (v) and location (x).
Whereas, changing state for an atom envisioned as a wave means changing the
wavelength (1/n) of the standing wave representing the atom, and, therefore,
changing the wave pattern.
Further Reading
Standing Waves , Physics Classroom Tutorial by Tom Henderson
Entropy for beginners by Willem Bol
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